990 Series II^Non-Current

Caterpillar 3412E Engine

Is rated at 466 kW (625 hp) at 2000 rpm. The Hydraulically actuated, Electronically controlled Unit Injector (HEUI) fuel system and Electronic Control Module (ECM) deliver power and efficiency in the most demanding applications.

1 Aftercooler

Lowers inlet charge temperature and reduces thermal stresses that can cause premature wear of pistons, rings and liners.

2 High Injection Pressures

Independent of engine speed, decreases smoke and emissions while improving response.

3 Oil-Cooled Pistons and Full-Length, Water-Cooled Cylinder Liners

Provide maximum heat transfer for longer component life.

4 Engine Oil Cooler

Maintains optimum oil temperature for proper cooling and lubrication.
• Engine cooling is provided by a Multi-Row Modular radiator. Hydrostatic fan drive gives the standard cooling package 110°F ambient capability.
• 500 hour oil change with the use of CH-4 oil.

Impeller Clutch Torque Converter (ICTC)

The converter allows the operator maximum flexibility in modulating rimpull. The first inch of travel of the left brake pedal is used to modulate rimpull from 100 percent (pedal at rest position) to 20 percent of maximum (pedal depressed about 25 mm [1 in]). Once 20 percent of maximum rimpull is achieved, the brake is applied. This gives smooth transitions from brake-on to brake-off, yielding fast, fluid loading cycles. The torque converter also has a standard lock-up clutch for fast, fuel efficient load and carry cycles.
• The new Rimpull Control System has four factory preset reduced rimpull settings. Each setting corresponds to a maximum allowable impeller clutch pressure.
• Rimpull Control System allows the operator to vary rimpull based on operating conditions for maximum productivity while reducing tire slippage and resulting costs.
• Converter de-clutches during directional shifts. This allows full throttle directional shifts maintaining hydraulic speeds.
• Smooth approach to trucks and hoppers builds operator confidence, producing faster cycle times.
• Lock-up feature provides “direct drive” for load and carry applications. No converter slip means higher efficiency and lower fuel costs.

1 Impeller Clutch

Modulates the amount of engine power sent to the wheels.

2 Lock-Up Clutch

Provides direct drive for improved fuel economy. With Electronic Clutch Pressure Control, the impeller clutch torque converter with lock-up feature activates in second and third gears forward and first through third gears in reverse.

ICTC

• Improved calibration procedure
• Improved left pedal modulation
• Compensates for wear
• Provides the ability to recalibrate for optimum left pedal modulation regardless of torque converter wear.

3 Planetary, Electronic, Power Shift Transmission

This is the same transmission found in the 992G. Electronic shifting provides smooth consistent shifts with fingertip controls housed in the STIC controller. Large diameter perimeter clutches coupled with high contact planetary gear sets provide high torque carrying capacity for long trouble-free life. Speed and direction controls are housed in the STIC controller.

Final Drives

Are planetary consisting of a ring gear, three planet gears or planet gear carrier and a sun gear. Features include:
• Ring gears splined to reation hub
• Proprietary gear cutting and heat treat methods are used in manufacture of components
• Full-floating bronze sleeve bearings are used on planet gears
• Oil-bath lubrication of final drive

Axle-Shaft, Oil-Disc Brakes

Are fully hydraulic, completely sealed and never need adjustment. Disc face grooves provide cooling even when brakes are applied for a long, fade resistant life.
• This design provides a larger cooling oil reservoir and thicker separator plates than conventional brake designs. This gives the brake higher heat dissipation rates giving it higher capacity than conventional oil-disc brakes.
• The location of the brake reduces service time. Conventional brakes require final drive disassembly. The axle-shaft brake design allows brake service while leaving the final drive intact. Duo-Cone seals are between the wheel and spindle for a tight fit. Reduced service time (oil change interval is every 2,000 hours) and machine downtime keeps operating costs low.

Parking Brakes

Are spring-applied, oil-released, dry disc that are mounted on the transmission transfer gear output shaft. The Electronic Monitoring System alerts the operator if the transmission is engaged while the parking brake is applied and also if the pressure drops and, in which case, the brake is automatically applied. Manual override is possible to allow movement of the machine.

Secondary Brakes

Are fully modulated and the front and rear service brake circuits are isolated, allowing one circuit to operate if pressure drops in the other.

Service Brakes

Are four wheel, hydraulic, oil dipped, multiple disc brakes that are adjustment-free, completely enclosed and allow modulated engagement without slack adjusters.

Advanced Modular Cooling System (AMOCS) with Air-to-Air Aftercooling System (ATAAC)

In order to meet EPA Tier 2 and EU Stage II emissions requirements for the Year 2002, the software for the 3412 HEUI engine has been changed to meet emissions and the cooling system has been upgraded to an AMOCS that utilizes the ATAAC system to achieve lower particulate, NOX and sound output. The proven AMOCS system is currently used on other Caterpillar models such as the 834G, 854G, 988G and 992G. ATAAC technology becomes effective with the 834G and 988G introduction.

ATAAC System

Provides a separate cooling system for the intake manifold air complementing the engine jacket water cooling system. The ATAAC system routes hot compressed air from the turbo and cools it with a single pass, air-to-air aluminum heat exchanger. The cooled compressed air is then delivered to the engine intake manifold. Providing the engine with cool compressed air greatly reduces the emissions produced, meeting Tier 2 requirements for a cleaner environment.

Separated Cooling System

The 3412 EUI engine has a separated cooling system which isolates the AMOCS radiator and demand fan from the engine compartment. The cooling system is isolated from the engine compartment by a shield allowing the radiator to receive outside ambient air through the side and top vents at a much lower temperature than the hot air from the engine compartment. This improves the system's efficiency and allows the radiator size to be decreased and the rear hood to be sloped, improving the rear viewing area. Also, sound levels are reduced due to the lower fan speed of a more efficient cooling system.

AMOCS

Is a Caterpillar exclusive technology that improves serviceability and increases cooling efficiency by 22 percent. Ambient working temperature for the standard 990 Series II is 43° Celsius (110° Fahrenheit). A high ambient cooling package, with a 50° Celsius (122° Fahrenheit) capacity, is available as an attachment.

AMOCS Serviceability

Is a key feature of AMOCS. Tubes are welded to a large, thick header, providing the strength of the tube-to-header joint that reduces the possibility of coolant leaks. The AMOCS modular core design allows removal of a single core without removing the entire radiator - reducing downtime through ease of serviceability. Replacing the individual core also reduces repair costs.

Two-Pass System

Is an AMOCS feature for increased cooling capacity. Coolant travels from the engine to the fan side of the bottom tank, up the fan side of each core, over the top, down the engine side of the core, into the engine side of the bottom tank and back to the engine. The improved flow pattern allows the coolant to pass through the radiator twice for better cooling. The AMOCS design improves serviceability, reduces downtime and increases cooling capability.

Two Separate Hydraulic Systems

Improve the cooling and help prevent cross-contamination. One system is for lift/tilt and brakes, while the other is for the steering and engine cooling fan. If one system runs hot or is contaminated, the other will be unaffected.

Fast Cycle Times

With a high pressure system make the 990 Series II remarkably productive. Just 9.2 seconds to raise, 2.9 seconds to dump and 3.8 seconds to lower.

High Pressure Hydraulic System

With main lift/tilt relief of 31,000 kPa (4500 psi). Main lift/tilt controls are driven by fixed displacement piston pumps built by Caterpillar for optimum pressure was increased for better response. XT-3 and XT-5 hose is used on the entire machine except for the pilot lines and reusable coupling with o-ring face seals are reliable and reduce the risks of leaks.

Load-Sensing Steering System

Maximizes engine power. Typical steering systems can draw more than 30 kW (40 hp) from the engine. The draw is constant even when the operator is not steering. The system maximizes performance by directing power through the steering system only when it is needed. For example, in hard digging, when the machine is not steering, all engine power is available to generate crowd, breakout and lift forces. More efficient use of power results in decreased fuel consumption and higher production.

Hydrostatic Cooling Fan

Is used for engine, transmission and hydraulic cooling. A variable displacement pump drives the fan's hydraulic motor so that fan speed varies with engine rpm. With the optional high ambient cooling package, the pump increases output as temperatures increase for greater cooling capability. The fan draws only the power needed for cooling, reducing fuel consumption and increasing efficiency.

Structure Construction

Are more than 80 percent robotically welded. This provides highly consistent welds with deep plate penetration and excellent plate fusion. The benefit is greater fatigue strength and longer life than with conventional welding methods.

1 Box Section Rear Frame

Absorbs torsional forces generated in a loading cycle, maintaining alignment for hitch pins and driveline.

2 Four-Plate Loader Tower

Resists shock and torsional loads maintaining hitch and loader linkage pin alignment.

3 Design

Is for optimum strength. The 990 Series II is equipped with a single-tilt Z-bar loader linkage with cast cross tube, cast tilt lever, solid plate lift arms, serviceable grease B-pin and center-point frame articulation.

4 Computer-Controlled Machining

At the top level allows structures to remain in their fixture throughout the machining process to ensure pin bore, axle pad and engine/transmission alignments.

5 Optional High Lift Linkage Configuration

Is available as a standard attachment. The High Lift configuration offers 566 mm (22.3 in) more dump clearance and 293 mm (11.5 in) additional reach at full lift and 45° dump. This gives the ability to load the 777D in six passes.

Buckets

For the 990 Series II range in size from 8.4 m3 (11 yd3) to 9.2 m3 (12 yd3) and may be configured for a variety of impact and abrasive conditions. All buckets are built with shell-tine construction (1) that resists twisting and distortion and feature replaceable, weld-on wear plates to protect the bottom of the bucket. The integral rock guard (2) helps retain big loads while heavy-duty pins and retainers (3) provide durability.

Spade-Edge Rock Buckets

With bolt-on segments are available in 8.4 m3 (11 yd3), 8.6 m3 (11.25 yd3), 9.2 m3 (12 yd3). Each accepts up to two sets of sidebar protectors (4), features shouldered, double-strap adapters, easily changed bolt-on segments and several tip options.

Straight-Edge Buckets

Are available in 8.6 m3 (11.25 yd3). Straight-edge rock buckets feature shouldered, double strap adapters and accept two sets of side bar protectors, bolt-on segments and tips.

Heavy-Duty Quarry Bucket

Is available as a 8.6 m3 (11.2 yd3) capacity bucket and is recommended for use in face loading where moderate abrasion and high impact is encountered. It features additional wear protection items, including: thicker base edge and adapters (5), additional liners and wear plates (6), bolt-on half arrow segments (7), and four sidebar protectors.

High Abrasion Bucket

Is available as a 8.6 m3 (11.2 yd3) capacity bucket and is recommended for use in face loading where high abrasion and moderate impact is encountered. This bucket features additional wear protection items including: independently attached edge and adapter covers, additional liners and wear plates, one set of sidebar protectors and a thicker base edge.

Buckets and Ground Engaging Tools (GET)

The 990 Series II offers a variety of bucket types and available GET configurations to properly configure the machine based on material density, impact and abrasion. Depending on your material densities, there is a 8.4 m3 (11 yd3) Spade Nose bucket with teeth and bolt-on segments for improved performance and edge protection available. Increased full turn static tip load, horsepower and hydraulic capabilities allow the 990 Series II to effectively utilize the 8.6 m3 (11.25 yd3) and 9.2 m3 (12 yd3) bucket size in lighter materials such as limestone. All buckets feature the well proven shell-tine construction. To better match your 990 Series II to material conditions, contact your Caterpillar dealer for specialty bucket needs.

Custom Buckets

For specialty buckets and availability, contact your Caterpillar dealer.

Bucket Controls

Feature pilot-operated lift and tilt circuits for lower lever efforts.

Lift Circuit

Has four positions: raise, hold, lower and float and the automatic kickout from horizontal to full lift is adjustable.

Tilt Circuit

Features three positions: tilt back, hold and dump. The automatic bucket positioner can be adjusted to the desired loading angle and does not require visual spotting.

New Cab Design

Incorporates innovations for operator comfort and productivity include spaciousness, outstanding visibility, interior sound levels below 75 dB(A), a standard coat hook, cup holder, storage bin, tinted glass and intermittent wet-arm wipers. It is also radio-ready for two radios.

1 STIC Control System

Is a revolutionary system that integrates steering and transmission into a single controller. Simple side-to-side motions of the operator's left arm turn the machine right or left. Transmission shifting for forward, neutral, reverse is controlled by the operator's fingers and gear selection is controlled by the operator's thumb. These factors combine to produce a fluid motion that reduces effort and allows the operator to work the machine for long periods of time with little or no fatigue.

2 Left Pedal

Operates the impeller clutch torque converter for approximately the first inch of travel, then engages the brakes.

3 Comfort Series Seat

With air suspension and retractable seat belt, is designed for comfort and support. Seat cushions reduce pressure on the lower back and thighs while allowing unrestricted arm and leg movement. The seat has three height levels. The retractable seat belt remains off the floor and is easy to reach.

4 Floor-Mounted Hydraulic Controls

Are attached to the right side of the seat. They adjust fore and aft, with a height-adjustable armrest so operators of any size can find a comfortable operating position.

5 Electronic Monitoring System III (EMS III)

Continually monitors various machine systems through three instrument clusters and provides a three-level warning system to alert the operator of immediate or pending problems. EMS III shares information with the engine, hydraulic and transmission controls that can be used during servicing to simplify service and troubleshooting.

6 Axle Temperature Sensor

Detects and warns the operator of extreme axle cooling oil temperature through indicator light.

7 Throttle Lock

Allows the operator to preset the engine speed for a variety of applications.

8 Rimpull Control System Switch

Turns the Rimpull Control System on and off.

9 Rimpull Control System (RCS)

Device has four factory preset reduced rimpull settings. Each setting corresponds to a maximum allowable impeller clutch pressure and is user programmable. When in the reduced rimpull mode, the left brake pedal modulates rimpull from the reduced setting (pedal at rest position) to 20 percent of maximum. This gives the operator a quick way to return to the desired reduced rimpull setting and makes the entire first inch of pedal travel available for modulating the reduced rimpull.

10 Optional Payload Control System II

Offers on-the-go weighing to assist in loading trucks more accurately. It also has easy computer download capability.

11 Payload Control System II Monitor

Is used by the operator to keep track of Payload Control System II information.

12 Optional Ride Control System

Is used in roading, load and carry and other applications where load retention, spillage and operator ride may be a problem. It provides lift arm suspension system by placing an accumulator in the lift arm circuit.

Quick-Shift Feature

Allows quicker cycle times by shifting from 1st forward to 2nd reverse.

Bucket Controls

Feature pilot-operated lift and tilt circuits with a two lever controller that is floor-mounted and adjustable.

Lift Circuit

Has four positions: raise, hold, lower and float. It can adjust the automatic kickout from horizontal to full lift.

Tilt Circuit

Includes three positions: tilt back, hold and dump. The automatic bucket positioner can adjust to the desired loading angle and visual spotting is not required.

Truck Match

The 990 Series II is an aggressive first gear loader for face and bank excavation. With increased dump clearance, it can easily load 54 to 90 tonnes (60 to 100 ton) off-highway trucks. Increased performance and good pass match make the 990 Series II a versatile performer with a cost per ton that will help your bottom line. The versatility of a material handler is also designed into the machine. With balanced rimpull and hydraulics, the 990 Series II is an aggressive loader that gets the job done quickly and efficiently in loose or stock-pile material and in load and carry work.

High Lift Arrangement

Provides up to 566 mm (22.3 in) more dump clearance at full lift and 45° discharge than the standard 990 Series II, and 294 mm (11.5 in) more forward reach than the standard arrangement.
• Helps ensure heaped and centered loads for less haul road spillage and higher productivity.
• Loading time is reduced as a result of faster dump cycles due to better dump clearance and reach.

Truck Match

Designed for use with Caterpillar 775 and 777 off highway trucks, either standard or equipped with sideboards. The 990 Series II high lift allows users to match larger trucks without the “larger loader” investment.
• 990 Series II high lift four passes the 775 and six passes the 777.
• High lift buckets are interchangeable with standard arrangement buckets.

Buckets

Achieve full capacity in aggregate and quarry applications with the 8.6 m3 (11.2 yd3). Buckets feature shell-tine construction with replaceable bolt-on wear plates, pin-on side protectors and integral rock guard.

1 * Clearance at full lift and 45° dump, standard lift 2 * Reach at full lift and 45° dump, standard lift 3 * Dump clearance at full lift and 45° dump, high lift 4 * Reach at full lift and 45° dump, high lift * See charts on pages ##-## for dimensions.

Easier Maintenance and Repair

Through monitoring key functions and logging critical indicators. Electronic diagnostic access is possible with a single tool, the Electronic Technician. In addition to the servicing features built into the engine, the 990 Series II includes:

1 Daily Maintenance Checks

Most can be performed from the left side of the machine, making it part of an easy pre-start routine. Routine maintenance promotes long service life and durability.

2 Advanced Modular Cooling System

Allows service technicians to replace individual cores for enhanced serviceability. Maintenance is also simplified since AMOCS is isolated from the engine compartment.

U-Joints

Are lifetime lubricated, leaving the slip joint as the only driveline component needing grease.

3 Lube Points

Are centralized in accessible locations. Fuel fill is located on the left side. Both lube points and fuel fill are accessible from ground level, making lube and fuel service quicker and easier.

4 Swing-Out Doors

On both sides of the engine compartment provide easy access to the engine oil dipstick and filler spout, S•O•SSM port, fuel filters, air conditioner compressor, engine oil filters, alternator, starting receptacle, air filter service indicator, coolant fill and ether starting aid. The disconnect switch and diagnostic connector are located on bumper next to the left side egress.

5 Hinged Doors

In the platform provide access to the hydraulic tank fill, lift/tilt and steering filters, transmission filler spout and dipstick.

6 Shock Resistant Lights

Are replaceable by hand, not requiring the use of any tools.

7 Batteries

Are accessible through hinged doors on the left-hand side of the bumper.

8 New Larger Fuel Tank

Provides 10 hours of production with a one-hour reserve.

9 Electronic Monitoring System III (EMS III)

Provides operators and service technicians with diagnostic information on the machine's major components and systems.

• Diagnostic Connector

Enables quick evaluation of eleven starting and charging functions.

Machine Selection

Make detailed comparisons of the machines under consideration before purchase. Cat dealers can estimate component life, preventative maintenance cost and the true cost of lost production.

Purchase

Look past initial price. Consider the financing options available as well as the day-to-day operating costs. Look at dealer services that can be included in the cost of the machine to yield lower equipment owning and operating costs over the long run.

Customer Support Agreements

Cat dealers offer a variety of product support agreements and work with customers to develop a plan that best meets specific needs. These plans can cover the entire machine, including attachments, to help protect the customer's investment.

Product Support

You will find nearly all parts at our dealer parts counter. Cat dealers use a worldwide computer network to find in-stock parts to minimize machine downtime. Save money with genuine Cat Reman parts. You receive the same warranty and reliability as new products at cost savings of 40 to 70 percent.

Operation

Improving operating techniques can boost your profits. Your Cat Dealer has training videotapes, literature and other ideas to help you increase productivity.

Maintenance Services

Choose from your dealer's range of maintenance services when you purchase your machine. Repair option programs guarantee the cost of repairs up front. Diagnostic programs such as S•O•SSM and Coolant Sampling and Technical Analysis help you avoid unscheduled repairs.

Replacement

Repair, rebuild or replace? Your Cat dealer can help you evaluate the cost involved so you can make the right choice.